How does physiological jaundice manifest in infants?

Physiological jaundice in infants primarily manifests as yellowing of the skin and eyes, a condition that arises when there is an excess of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells. In newborns, their livers may not yet be fully mature, leading to an inability to effectively process bilirubin, which can result in its accumulation.

This yellowing typically appears within the first few days after birth and can vary in intensity. It's a common phenomenon in newborns and is usually benign, resolving on its own as the infant’s liver matures and starts to function normally. Monitoring bilirubin levels during this period is standard practice to prevent complications, but the hallmark symptom is indeed the yellow tint observed in the skin and the sclera (the white part of the eyes).

Other options such as red spots, a blue tint to the lips, and dry patches on the skin don't characteristically relate to physiological jaundice. Red spots may indicate other dermatological conditions, a blue tint to the lips could suggest oxygenation issues, and dry patches might hint at skin irritations or dehydration, none of which align with physiological jaundice.