What is the first assessment called that is performed on a newborn?

The Apgar score is the first assessment performed on a newborn, typically conducted at one and five minutes after birth. This scoring system evaluates five criteria: appearance (skin color), pulse (heart rate), grimace response (reflexes), activity (muscle tone), and respiration (breathing effort). Each category is scored from 0 to 2, with a maximum total score of 10. The purpose of the Apgar score is to quickly assess the newborn's physical condition and determine whether immediate medical assistance is needed. A higher score suggests a healthier newborn, while a lower score may indicate the need for further intervention.

While a neonatal assessment, physical examination, and growth evaluation are all important components of newborn care and development, they typically occur after the initial Apgar score has been completed. Thus, the Apgar score is specifically designed for quick assessment in the critical moments immediately following birth.