What is the function of vernix caseosa in newborns?

Vernix caseosa is a creamy, white substance that coats the skin of newborns and serves multiple important functions in the transition to life outside the womb. One of its primary roles is to protect the skin; it forms a barrier against bacteria and helps to prevent the delicate skin from becoming chapped and dehydrated after birth. Additionally, vernix caseosa acts as a lubricant during delivery, facilitating the passage of the baby through the birth canal.

Therefore, the correct answer encompasses both of these vital functions. By providing both protection for the skin and lubrication during birth, vernix caseosa plays a crucial role in ensuring the newborn's skin remains healthy and intact during the early moments of life. This protective and lubricating layer is essential for the infant’s skin health and can contribute to more effective bonding and feeding in the immediate postnatal period.